평화적인
평화적인 정권 교체 = peaceful turnover of political power
평화적 공존 = peaceful coexistence
평화적 수단 = peaceful means
평화적 해결책 = peaceful solution
평화롭다
평화롭게 지내다 = live peacefully
시골 생활은 평화롭다 = country life is peaceful
우리 집은 평화롭다 = our house is peaceful
Tag: adverbs
EMPHASIS matters (pt. 1)
In Korean it’s generally very easy to tell where the sentence is going depending on the words they’re started with. Some words can elaborate the entire upcoming sentence, and help emphasize the message. In Korean these words are known as 문장 부사어 (sentence adverbs).
Let’s check some out,
과연 – indeed, really, sure enough. (also used to emphasize a question)
과연 듣던대로 잘 생기셨습니다.
Like I was told, you really do look handsome.
과연 이번 대통령은 누가 될까?
Who will REALLY become our president this time?설마 – No way / I couldn’t believe it (surprised statement or emphasizes a negative question [shows doubt])
설마했는데 설렁탕에 땅콩이 들어갈 줄이야.
I couldn’t believe it, but there were peanuts in the ox bone soup.
설마 내일 야외 결혼식에 비가 오지는 않겠지?
No way it’s gonna rain tomorrow during the outside wedding… right?만일 – if (similar to 만약)
만일 평생 한가지 음식만 먹어야 한다면, 뭐 먹을 거야?
If you could eat only one thing for the rest of your life, what would you eat?설령 – even if, even though (negative)
설령 지금부터 24시간 공부한다고해도 내일 시험은 망한거 같아.
Even if I study for 24 hours straight from now, it seems like I’m gonna fail the test tomorrow.설사 – even if, even though (negative)
내일 경기에서 이길 가능성이 설사 적더라도 최선을 다해 보자.
Even if we have the smallest possibility to win our match tomorrow, let’s try our best.비록 – even though, although
비록 내가 가진건 몸뚱아리 하나지만 나중에 꼭 부자가 될거다.
Even if the only thing I own at the moment is my body, I’m definitely gonna be rich later on.A lot of these words don’t have one exact translation, so it’s important to understand how and why they’re used. So make sure to study multiple examples rather than the direct translations.
As always, stay tuned for more 🙂
Noun~답다 (~다워요, 다운) = To be like, worth being, be worthy of the name, be every bit a (noun)
너는 남자니까 남자답게 행동해라. = Since you’re a man, act like a man.
사람답게 살고 싶대. = He says he wants to live like a real person.
질문을 하다니 과연 당신답다. = It’s just like you to ask that question.
크리스의 자기 비하적인 성격은 정말 영국인 답다 = Chris’s self deprecating personality is very British.
꼭 그 사람다운 짓이야 = It´s just like him (to…).
이 도시에는 공원다운 공원이 없다 = There is no park worthy of the name[worth mentioning] in this town.
그는 군인답게 죽었다 = He died like the soldier he was.
그녀는 역시 여자다운 데가 있다 = There is something feminine in her after all.
학생이면 학생답게 굴어라 = If you are a student, behave like one.
1.
답다 describes something with traits that are usually associated with the thing itself. e.g. you can describe a man as manly by using 남자답다 or an elderly person as old using 어른답다.
스럽다, on the other hand, is used to show contrast between the thing it describes and their actions. For example, if a young person was rather mature, you could say that they are 어른스럽다. A young person is usually associated with immaturity but in this exceptional case, this person is not immature.
2.
답다 is often attached to concrete nouns like man (사내) and masculine (사내답다) or teacher (선생님) and teacher-like (선생님답다).
스럽다, on the other hand is often used to make adjectives with abstract nouns like peace (평화) and peaceful (평화스럽다) and whim, caprice (변덕) and unpredictable, capricious (변덕스럽다).
쭉 = In a straight line, continuously, without stopping
이 길을 쭉 따라가세요 = Just follow this road.
오늘은 쭉 집에 있었다 = I stayed at home all day today.
그는 도서관까지 쭉 걸어갔다 = He walked all the way to the library.
그 후 그는 쭉 서울에 살고 있다 = He has lived in Seoul ever since then.
나는 그 책을 쭉 훑어보았다 = I looked through the book.
그는 구체적인 예를 쭉 열거했다 = He listed specific examples.
물 한 컵을 쭉 마시다 = to drink up a glass of water
기운이 쭉 빠진다 = I’ve lost all my energy.
종이를 쭉 찢다 = tear a sheet of paper
푹 = (thunk) Deeply, completely
푹 쉬다,
푹 자다 = get a good rest, sleep well
푹 자고 났더니 몸이 개운하다 = I had a good night’s sleep and feel completely refreshed.
칼로 푹 찌르다 = drive a knife (into)
담요를 푹 뒤집어쓰다 = pull a blanket over one’s head
컴퓨터 게임에 푹 빠져서 시간 가는 줄 몰랐다 = I was so absorbed in playing computer games that I lost all track of time.
나는 그녀에게 푹 빠졌다 = I’ve fallen for her completely.
딱, 뚝 = (snap)
Suddenly, exactly, just, precisely, very
그가 들어오자 아기가 울음을 딱 그쳤다 = The baby suddenly stopped crying when he went in.
입사한 지 딱 1년 되었다 = It’s been exactly a year since I joined the company.
옷이 정말 딱 맞네요 = The clothes are an excellent fit.
우리말에 딱 들어맞는 영어 표현을 찾기란 쉽지 않다 = It is difficult to find English equivalents that exactly correspond to Korean expressions.
그가 그 프로젝트에 딱이다 = He’s cut for the project.
딱 한 마디만 더 할게요 = Let me just say one more word.
딱 한 잔만 더 마시자 = Let’s just have one more for the road.
나는 담배를 딱 끊었다 = I quit smoking cold turkey.
오늘은 외출하기에 딱 좋은 날씨다 = It is an ideal day for going out.
막 = Just, intensely
영화가 막 시작되었다 = The movie has just started.
막 아침 식사를 하려고 하는데 전화벨이 울렸다 = Just as I was going to have breakfast, the telephone rang.
그는 아랫사람을 너무 막 다룬다 = He treats those under him too harshly.
비가 막 쏟아지고 있다 = It’s raining very hard.
noun ~스럽다 = turns noun into adjective
사랑(스럽다) = love (lovely)
자연(스럽다) = nature (naturally)
실망(스럽다) = disappointment (disappointing)
그 여자가 아주 사랑스러워요 = That girl is very lovely
그 여자의 머리 색깔은 자연스러워 = That girl’s hair color is natural
결과는 조금 실망스러웠어요 = The result was a little bit disappointing
그 영화는 조금 실망스러웠어요 = The movie was a little bit disappointing
저는 음식이 만족스러웠어요 = for me the food was satisfactory
그는 부담스러울 정도로 나에게 잘해 준다 = He treats me well to the point of being a burden.
~스럽게 makes it an adverb
그는 한국어를 자연스럽게 말해요 = he speaks Korean naturally
저는 그를 사랑스럽게 봤어요 = I looked at him lovingly
그는 실망스럽게 행동했어요 = He acted disappointingly (in a disappointed way)
저는 일을 만족스럽게 끝냈어요 = I finished the work/job satisfactorily (in a satisfactory way)
noun ~적 = suffix turning a noun into a descriptive term (meaning similar to ‘relating to/having the properties of’)
문화(적) = culture (cultural)
경제(적) = economics (economical)
역사(적) = history (historical)
과학(적) = science (scientific)
충동(적) = impulse (impulsive)
~적으로 turns the word into an adverb
문화적으로 = culturally
경제적으로 = economically
한국은 지난 50년 동안 문화적으로 많이 변했어요 = Korea has changed a lot culturally in the period of/during/for the past 50 years
그 것은 경제적으로 가능하지 않아요 = That isn’t possibly economically
한국과 미국은 역사적으로 좋은 관계에 있다 = Historically, Korea and the US have had a good relationship
그들은 그 문제를 과학적으로 풀었다 = They solved that problem scientifically
저는 자주 옷을 충동적으로 사요 = I often buy clothes impulsively
~적이다 turns it into an adjective
캐나다와 미국이 문화적인 차이가 있다 = Canada and the US have a cultural difference
미국은 경제적인 결정을 했어요 = The US made an economical decision
저 학교는 역사적인 건물이에요 = That school is a historical building
이 것은 과학적인 문제예요 = This is a scientific problem
저는 너무 충동적이에요 = I’m too impulsive
Making adverbs
Descriptive verb ~게
착하게 – kindly
맛있게 먹다 – eat deliciously
재밌게 봤어요 – watch funly
바쁘게 지냈어요 – I’ve been busy (spent time busily)
크게 말해 주세요 – Please speak loudly
전자 제품이 다양하게 전시됐다 – Electrical items were displayed variously.
그 아이가 귀엽게 웃는다 – He has a cute smile. (Lit. He smiles cutely.)
공주는 슬프게 울었다 – The princess wept sadly.
오늘 유나는 아주 예쁘게 생겼어요 – Yuna looks really pretty today
나는 스테이크를 맛있게 먹었다 – I ate my steak deliciously
거북이는 느리게 걷는다 – A tortoise walks slowly
재밌게 본 드라마예요 – a fun to watch drama
Sutdy-Korean 