-더라니 is yet another cause-effect grammar point. It is used when in retrospect the result of a situation now seems obvious or predictable.
Imagine: after a huge dinner at a buffet, you wake up the next morning to a terrible stomachache. You complain to your friend, but they are less than sympathetic. They point out to you that, looking back on the previous night, you had stuffed your face, so your stomachache is the obvious result of that feast. Your conversation in Korean might go something like this:
가: 오늘 아침에 배탈이 났어요. I had a stomachache this morning.
나: 어제 뷔페에서 과식하더라니. (Looking back on it) You did overeat at the buffet yesterday.
Examples:
내가 너 시험 성적이 나쁠 줄 알았어. 공부 안 하고 계속 놀더라니. I knew your test score would be bad. (Looking back on it) You didn’t study and just fooled around.
컴퓨터가 안 돼요. 고장 났나 봐요. 지난 주부터 이상하더라니. The computer isn’t working. It must be broken. (Looking back on it) It’s been acting up since last week.
네가 감기에 걸리는 게 놀랄만한 일이 아니야. 이 추운 날씨에 얇은 옷을 입고 다니더라니. You getting sick isn’t a surprise. (Looking back on it) You kept going out in light clothes.
Coupled with 어쩐지, -더라니 carries with it a sense of belated realization. It is used when you have received information that explains an already known fact. The closest English translation for this usage would be “No wonder”.
Example:
길에서 산 티셔츠가 한번 빨고 나서 줄어들더라고요. 어쩐지 값이 싸더라니. The t-shirt I bought off the street shrank after just one wash. No wonder it was cheap.
마이틀 씨가 이번에 승진해서 보너스를 많이 받았대요. 어쩐지 그동안 기분이 좋아 보이더라니. They say that Michael received a huge bonus with his promotion. No wonder he’s been in a good mood lately.
그 학생의 부모님이 부자래요. 어쩐지 명품옷만 입었더라니. They say that student’s parents are rich. No wonder he wore only brand name clothes.
Back with another grammar post! 만큼 and -느니만큼 look similar, but there’s a small (and important!) difference in their meaning.
만큼
The 만큼 grammar can be used with action verbs; descriptive verbs in the past, present, and future; and nouns. It indicates that what follows 만큼 is similar or equal to what comes before it, or that the two things are of a similar degree. Let’s look at some examples:
DESCRIPTIVE VERB: -(으)ㄴ 만큼 — 학생이 똑똑한 만큼 성적이 잘 나와요. (Students get better grades depending on how smart they are [Students get grades equivalent to how smart they are].)
PAST: -(으)ㄴ 만큼
—
경훈 씨는 제가 공부한 만큼 공부를 열심히 했어요. (Kyeonghoon studied just as hard as I studied.
PRESENT: -는 만큼
—
뷔페에 갈 때 돈을 내는 만큼 많이 먹어야 돼요. (When you go to a buffet, you should eat as much as you pay for [to the extent that you paid for it, you should eat that much].)
FUTURE: -(으)ㄹ 만큼 — 아이들이 다 충분히 먹을 수 있을 만큼 음식을 많이 준비해 주세요. (Please prepare a lot of food so that the children will be able to eat enough.)
NOUN: 만큼 — 동생의 키는 오빠의 키만큼 커요. (My younger brother is as tall as my older brother [My younger brother’s height is as big as my older brother’s height].)
Please note that with nouns, 만큼 attaches to the noun! When used with descriptive and action verbs, there is an obligatory space.
만큼’s meaning is similar to that of 정도, which expresses the degree of something!
-느니만큼
-느니만큼 is similar to 만큼 in that it expresses the degree of something, but it also expresses a reason for something, similar to -니까. It can be used with action verbs, descriptive verbs, and nouns, in the past and present tenses. It can sometimes be switched with 만큼 as described above, but you lose a bit of that “because” meaning.
AV PAST: -았/었으니만큼 — 공부를 열심히
했으니만큼
성적이 잘 나오겠어요. (Because you studied hard [and to the extent that you studied hard], you should get good grades.)
DV PAST: -았/었으니만큼 — 배가 고팠으니만큼 많이 먹었어요. (Because I was hungry [and to the extent that I was hungry] I ate a lot.)
AV PRESENT- -느니만큼 — 열심히 일하느니만큼 피곤해요. (Because I am working hard [and to the extent that I am working hard] I am tired.)
DV PRESENT- -(으)니만큼 — 공기가 좋지 않으니만큼 마스크를 꼭 챙기세요. (Because the air is not good [and to the extent that it is not good], please wear a mask.)
NOUN PAST: -였/이었으니만큼 — 가장 간절히 원하던 꿈이었으니만큼 그 꿈을 이루기 위해서 다했어요. (Because it was my most fervently desired dream [and to the extent that it was my most fervently desired dream] I did my best to achieve it.)
NOUN PRESENT: -(이)니만큼 — 중요한 발표니만큼 준비를 철저하게 해야 돼요. (Because it is an important presentation [and to the extent that it is an important presentation] I must prepare thoroughly].)
Feel free to ask if you have any questions or, if you see any mistakes, please let me know so I can fix them!
Happy studying~
A/V ~다니(요)? – expresses surprise and disbelief N ~(이)라니(요)? ~니(요)? for indirect quotation form.
내 눈마술이 진짜 추웠다니요? – Was my snow magic really cold? 그 눈괴물이 살아있다니요? – Is that snow monster really alive? 처음 만난 남자랑 사랑한다니요? – Are you really in love with a guy you just met?
아무 이유없이 퇴직이라니요? 말도 안됩니다 – how can you say that i’m fired? it’s nonsense.
~다니(요) – to think that, just imagine, can you believe it, what a shame, i regret, it’s a pity that,
옷 호사를 못 하다니 – what a shame that (she) doesn’t dress well … 이 많은 사람들이 한결같이 이 영화를 보러 몰려들다니 – to think that this many people would line up to see this film 아무도 없다니 – to think that there is nobody [here] 서방님이 오시다니 – I’m telling you that the young master has come! on past bases 벌써 마흔 마리를 넘어 낚았다니 – Just imagine, [they have already] fished over 40 pairs [of shoes]! 그가 저 훌륭한 저택에서 살고 있다니 – Just think of him living in that fine residence! 그가 80세로 한라산을 오르다니 – How marvelous that he should climb Mt. Halla at eighty! 이런 곳에서 그를 만나다니 – Fancy meeting him here (of all places)!
~ㄴ다니 – I am _____ to hear that ______
it’s a contraction of ~다고 (말)하다!!
-ㄴ다니 유감이다 -ㄴ다니 안 됐다 -ㄴ다니 기쁘다 -ㄴ다니 잘 됐다
시험에 합격했다니 기뻐요 – I am glad to hear that you passed your exam 수잔 씨가 4개국어를 한다니 부럽군요 – I’m envious to hear that Susan speaks 4 languages. 공부를 잘한다니 기쁘다 – I am delighted to hear that you are a good student.
Since I heard _______ I feel/think ______(short form of 다고 하니까, 라고 하니까)
N ~(이)라니 A/V ~다니 자니
그런 말에 속아넘어가다니 너도 어지간한 쑥이구나 – You must be very simple to be taken in by such a story. 니가 그걸 이해하고 있다니, 천재임에 틀림없구나! – You must be a genius to understand that 니가 그런 실수를 하다니, 너 부주의했어! – You were careless to make such a mistake 저를 도와주시다니, 참 친절하시네요 – You are so nice to help me
V. ~(으)니까, (으)니 – since, because
Similar to ~아/어서. Often used in an interrogative or ‘let’s’ sentence. Often used as an excuse for why something can’t be done.
지금 바쁘니까 나중에 전화해 주세요 = I am busy now so call me later 지금 피곤하니까 우리 영화 내일 봐요 = I am tired now so let’s watch the movie tomorrow 더우니까 에어컨 켤까요? = It’s hot, so shall we turn on the air conditioner? 냉장고에 불고기 있으니까 먹어. = There is some bulgogi in the refrigerator so eat it 내일 일요일이니까 내일 하세요. = Tomorrow is Sunday so do it tomorrow.
시간이 없으니까 빨리 가자 – Since we don’t have much time, let’s go quickly. 그 동안 열심히 공부했으니까 잘 할 거예요 – Since you have studied hard, you will do well. 택시는 비싸니까 지하철을 탈까요? – Since taxi fare is expensive, should we take the subway? 버스가 복잡하니까 택시를 타자! = Let’s take a taxi because the bus is so crowded! 너무 더우니까 시원한 것을 먹을래요? = Let’s eat something cool because it is so hot 밥이 없으니까 라면 먹자! = Let’s eat Ramen because there is no rice
약을 먹으니까 머리 아픈 게 없어졌다 – Because I took the medicine, I don’t have a headache. 학교에 가 야 되니까 지금 못 만나요 = I need to go to school, so I won’t be able to meet 그 셔츠를 사고 싶은데 돈이 없으니까 살 수 없어요 = Although I want to buy that, I have no money, so I cannot 어제 너무 바빴으니까 못 갔어요 = I couldn’t go yesterday because I was so busy 너를 좋아하지 않았으니까 헤어졌어 = I broke up with you because I didn’t like you
at the end of sentence when answering a question. sounds informal, like talking back to someone 지금 만날 수 있어요? – Can you meet now? 아니요~ 못 만나요. 학교에 가 야 되니까요 – No, I can’t meet. because I have to go to school 그 것을 살 거 야? – Are you going to buy that? 아니요~ 못 사요. 돈이 없으니까요 – No, I can’t buy it. because I have no money 나랑 왜 헤어졌어? = Why did you break up with me? Person 2: 너를 좋아하지 않았으니까 = (I broke up with you)… because I didn’t like you
~(으)니 – because, giving background info
Similar to ~는데.
제가 고기를 안 좋아하니 안 먹을 거에요 = Because I don’t like meat, I’m not going to eat it 벌써 5시(이)니 우리가 빨리 가 야 돼요 = it is already 5, so we have to go quickly 밥이 다 됐으니 많이 드세요! = the rice is ready, so eat a lot! 빨래를 다 했으니 지금 자도 돼요 = I have finished the laundry, so I can go to bed now 제가 숙제를 다 했으니 이제 영화를 볼 수 있어요 = Now that I am finished my homework, I can see a movie 나는 요즘에 맨날 한식만 먹었는데, 친구를 만났으니 이탈리안 음식 먹자! = These days, I only eat Korean food every day, so now that I have met you, let’s eat Italian food! 처음에는 30살이 되면 나이가 많은 거라고 생각했는데 제가 30살이 되었으니 그렇게 생각하지 않아요 = At first I thought 30 years old was old, but since I am now 30, I don’t think that way
벌써 겨울이야 – It’s already winter 우리 개는 푸들이야 – My dog is a poodle 브래드 피트는 내가 가장 좋아하는 배우야 – Brad Pitt is my favourite actor 오늘이 내 생일이야 – Today is my birthday. 그 사람은 변태가 아니야 – He is not a pervert. 그건 물이 아니야 – That is not water.
A/V: ~(으)ㄹ 거야 – 이다
나는 다음 주에 이사할 거야 – I’m going to move next week. 나는 이따가 운동을 할 거야 – I’m going to go exercise later. 크리스는 7시쯤 도착할 거야 – Chris is arriving about 7. 나 남자친구랑 헤어질 거야 – I’m going to break up with my boyfriend. 정말 보고싶을 거야 – I’m really gonna miss you. 나 이제 담배 끊을 거야 – I’ll quit smoking 내일은 차가 생길 거야 – Tomorrow I’ll have a car. 그분이 내년에 선생님이 될 거야 – Next year, he will become a teacher. 얘가 네 동생이야? – Is this kid your younger sister/brother? 전화 할 거야? – Will you call?
A./V. ~니? – interrogative
밥을 먹었니? – Did you eat? 한국에서 전화하니? – Are you calling from Korea? 지금 시간 좀 있니? – Do you have time right now? 편지 썼니? – Did you write the letter? 그게 숙제였니? – Was it the homework? 전화 할 거니? – Will you call?
V ~아/어라 – command, imperative only to younger people
무엇을 준비해야 하나요? – What should we bring? 받아쓰기 시험도 보나요? – Is there a dictation test too? 당신은 영어를 가르치나요? – Do you teach English? 토요일에 학교를 가나요? – Do you go to school at saturday? 한국말 하나요? – Do you speak Korean? 이 삼계탕은 어떻게 먹나요? – How do I eat this Samgeotang? 운동하나요? – Do you work out?
N. ~인가요?
그 사람은 의사인가요? – Is he a doctor? 그것은 커피인가요? – Is that coffee? 이것이 당신의 차인가요? – Is this your car? 그 사람은 외국인인가요? – Is he a foreigner? 걔들은 학생인가요? – Are they students?
Descriptive V. ~(으)ㄴ가요
배가 고픈가요? – Are you hungry? 오늘 날씨가 흐린가요? – Is it cloudy today? 떡볶이는 매운가요? – Is Teokbokki spicy? 방이 얼마나 넓은가요? – How large is the room? 그 영화는 슬픈가요? – Is the movie sad?
A./V. ~니?
밥을 먹었니? – Did you eat? 한국에서 전화하니? – Are you calling from Korea? 지금 시간 좀 있니? – Do you have time right now? 편지 썼니? – Did you write the letter? 그게 숙제였니? – Was it the homework? 전화 할 거니? – Will you call?
Sutdy-Korean 