~면서부터, 면서, 며부터 = Ever since, since the time, since starting.. 

그녀와 함께 근무하면서부터 = from the time I started working with this woman
나는 영어를 처음 배우면서부터 문법책을 사용했다 = I used a grammar book since I first started learning English.
미국군의 손에 들어가면서부터… = Ever since it feel into the hands of the Americans…

인간은 태어나면서부터 사회적 동물이다 = 

Man is by nature (since birth) a civic animal.
등산로가 닦여지면서부터 = Ever since the mountain hiking path was cleared out

Idiomatic ~(아/어)도 expressions

adventuresinkorean:

A few idiomatic expressions using ~(아/어)도 are used as adverbs with fixed meanings implying “at the maximum” or “at the minimum.”

늦어도 = at the latest
적어도 = at the least
많아도 = at the most
일러도 = at the earliest
커도 = at the largest
빨라도 = at the fastest
가까워도 = at the nearest

Examples: 

적어도 한 달에 한 번씩은 시스템과 데이터를 백업하세요. 
You should back up your system and date at least once a month.

자동차는 빨라도 한시간에 팔십 마일 밖에 못 가요. 
At its fastest, your car won’t do over 80 miles an hour. 

늦어도 10시까지는 집에 돌아가야 해요. 
We have to return home by 10 o’clock at the latest.

Note that these verbs may also be used in non-idiomatic constructions with ~(아/어)도 with the more typical meaning of “even though/if.” It is only when they are used as adverbs do they take on the idiomatic meaning.

~고도

adventuresinkorean:

This construction means “even after”. It cannot be preceded by tense markers.

Examples:

공짜로 영화보고도 후회했어요. 
Even after watching the movie for free, I regretted doing so.

결혼하고도 일을 계속하고 싶어요. 
Even after getting married, I want to continue working.

포도주를 두 잔 마시고도 잠이 안 왔어요. 
Even after drinking two glasses of wine, I couldn’t sleep.

밤에 라면을 먹고도 얼굴이 안 부었어요. 
Even after eating ramen at night, my face didn’t puff up.

차라리 = Marks an upcoming comparison (Rather, preferably, instead..)

차라리 오락실 가자! (대신 오락실 가자!) = Let’s go to the arcade instead!

차라리 잘된 일인지도 몰라요. = It might be better that it ended up this way.
차라리 종이 노끈인 채 쓰기로 하고 오십 전은 담뱃값으로 나가고 말았다. = He chose to just use [his glasses] with the paper cord instead, and spent the remaining fifty cents on cigarettes.
차라리 걷는 것이 빠르겠어요 = It would be faster to walk.

치욕보다 차라리 죽음을 택하다 = I would rather choose death than dishonour

스포츠 보는 걸 별로 안 좋아해요. 차라리 직접 하지요. = I don’t like watching sports. I would rather play.

그것은 당신이 차라리 경험하지 않는것이 낫지 않나요? = Isn’t that something you would rather have not experienced?

~보다 차라리 = Rather than
~는 것 대신에 차라리 = Instead of ___ I would rather..
~느니 차라리, ~ㄹ 바에는 차라리 = If I have to ___ I would rather… (lesser of two evils)