Present: ~((으)시)) 아요/어요/여요 (셔요 -> 세요
집에 있어요 = I am at home.
집에서 일해요 = I work at home.
집에 가요 = I’m going home.
어디에 있어요? = Where are you?
어디에 가고 십어요? = Where do you want to go?
일마에요? = How much is it?
보세요 – i look
웃으세요 – i laugh
어디 가세요? – where are you going?
하지 마세요 – don’t do that.
Past: ~((으)시)았/었/였어요
갔어요 = I went
왔어요 = I came
보셨어요 – I saw
웃으셨어요 – I laughed
했어요(?) = You did it (did you do it?)
언제 했어요 = When did you do it?
언제 도찬았어요 = When did you arrive?
학교에 갔어요 = I went to school
어떻게 찾았어요? = How did you find it?
어떻게 왔어요? = How did you get here?
왜 전화했어요? = Why did you call?
왜 안왔어요? = Why didn’t you come?
Future: ~((으)시)ㄹ/을 거예요
(originally 것이다 so means ‘verb을/를 is the thing that will be’
since you cannot be definite about the future, this form is PROBABLE. can also be used to say “probably will”, “I think/expect it will”)
갈 거예요 = I’m going to go/ I will go.
혼자 갈 거예요 = I’m going to go alone.
내일 갈 거예요 = I’m going to go tomorrow.
뭐 할 거예요? = What are you going to do?
언제 할 거예요? = When are you going to do it?
보실 거예요 – I’m going to watch
웃으실 거예요 – I’m going to laugh
irregulars
ㅂ irregular
when conjugating verbs: if verb stem ends in ㅂ and followed by suffix starting with vowel, ㅂ will change to 오 or 우.
돕다 = to help
도 + ㅂ + 다 -> 도 + 오 + 아요 = 도와요
어렵다 = to be difficult
어려 + ㅂ+ 다 -> 어려 + 우 +어요 = 어려워요
어려웠어요
어려울 거예요
춥다 = to be cold
주+우 + 어요 = 추워요
추웠어요
추울 거예요
눕다 = to lie down
굽다 = to bake
덥다 = to be hot (weather)
쉽다 = to be easy
맵다 = to be spicy
귀엽다 = to be cute
밉다 = to hate, to be dislikeable
아름답다 = to be beautiful
exceptions
입다 = to wear
잡다 = to catch
씹다 = to bite
좁다 = to be narrow
넓다 = to be wide
르 irregular
verb stem ending in 르 + 아/어/여요, 아/어/여서, 았/었/였어요
르 → ㄹ and added to end of previous vowel + extra ㄹ
고르다 (choose, pick, select) → 골ㄹ
모르다 (don’t know) → 몰ㄹ
빠르다 (fast) → 빨ㄹ
팔다 (sell) -> 파시다
골라요 = I pick
골라서 = I pick and then, because I pick
골랐어요 = I picked
뭐 골랐어요? = what did you choose?
저도 몰라요. = I don’t know either
비행기는 빨라서 좋아요 = planes are good because they are fast.
누가 케잌 잘랐어요? = who cut the cake?
토끼를 5년 동안 길렀어요 = I had a rabbit as a pet for five years
ㄷ irregular
verb ending in ㄷ and followed by vowel ㄷ → ㄹ
듣다 (listen) + 어서 → 들어서 = listen and then, because I listen
듣다 -> 들으시다
걷다 (walk) + 어요 → 걸어요 = I walk, am walking
묻다 (ask) + 으면 → 물으면 = if I ask
깨닫다 (realise) + 았어요 → 깨달았어요 = I realised
exceptions
받다 receive, 묻다 bury, 닫다 close, 믿다 believe
듣고 있어요 = I am listening
들었어요 = I heard
걷는 것 좋아해요 = I like walking
한 시간 걸었어요 = I walked for an hour.
어디에서 들었어요? = Where did you hear that?
많이 걸었는데, 안 피곤해요 = I walked a lot, but I am not tired
그 이야기를 믿어요? = Do you believe that story?
물어도 대답이 없어요 = Even if I ask, there is not answer
ㅅ irregular
낫다 – to heal, to recover, to be better (in comparison) + 아요 –> 나아요 – It’s better. / Please feel better.
젓다 – to stir (liquid) + 어요 -> 저어요
잇다 – to connect, to link + 으면 -> 이으면
짓다 – to build, to compose + 었어요 -> 지었어요
두 개를 이었어요 – I connected the two (objects)
이 집을 누가 지었어요? – Who built this house?
좋은 이름을 지을 거예요 – I’m going to make a good name
감기 다 나았어요? – Did you recover (completely) from the cold
씻다 – to wash -> 씻을 거예요 – I’m going to wash up/wash it
벗다 – to take (clothes) off -> 신발을 벗어 주세요 – Please take your shoes off
(말하다) 말 -> 말씀 + 하시다 = 말씀하시다
(먹다) 식사 (meal) – 식사하시
Sutdy-Korean 